On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused damage significant along the coastline, striking Louisiana with winds up to 224 mph before sweeping Mississippi, Alabama and western Florida. Hurricane Katrina is one of the most powerful hurricanes to hit the United States and also one of the largest (radius of more than 650 km including 190 of hurricane force winds of tropical storm and 340). His eye is 40 kilometers wide and its winds could reach 280 km / h. The evacuation of New Orleans was attempted because of the risk of flooding of part of the town, built under the sea level to sea, waves 11 meters were observed. 28 to the evening Katrina had already killed 9. After the hurricane, we found several U.S. states under water. Katrina has plunged Louisiana and New Orleans in desolation. This hurricane has officially died 1836.
forecast of 28 August for three days Genesis Katrina
Tropical depression led to Katrina was detected Aug. 23 in the Bahamas. There is a controversy to name 10 or 12 of the year, but this system was then appointed The fourth tropical storm of the year August 25 and touched briefly on South Florida that same day, the status of a storm scale.
storm crossed the Florida and regeneration in the waters of the Gulf of Mexico Aug. 26 and depression deepened to 971 millibars, which made her go to category 2 of the Saffir-Simpson. At 9:00 GMT, Katrina passed to level 3 with pressure of 945 mb. Approaching land, it weakened slightly to return to level 4 (but the damage of a hurricane are also related to the speed of the eye).
August 31, Katrina became an extratropical storm dumped water quantity in the range of 50-110 mm on Quebec in 12 hours and several wind gusts of 50 to 98 km / h . In the Saguenay and the North Shore several roads were washed away, some sections of Route 138 have been cutting away the rest of the North Shore of Quebec which greatly complicated the supply of food and gasoline.
Threat to New Orleans
Some areas of New Orleans are up to 6 meters below sea level, areas where rain water is pumped and discharged into the sea dikes of 4 feet high protect the city, but the possible rise in sea level due to Katrina could reach 6 feet. And if the hurricane was going as planned to the east, the waters of Lake Pontchartrain might also invade the city.
These threats of flooding and severe flooding, Mayor Ray Nagin ordered the evacuation of the town and established shelter of last resort for people who could not evacuate the city, including the room Sports of Louisiana Superdome, already used in 1998 during Hurricane Georges. President George W. Bush declared a state of emergency in Louisiana, two days before the arrival of the hurricane on the coast.
Sunday, August 28, The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has predicted catastrophic damage on the city, up to the partial or total destruction of half of the homes and major damage, which could make the city uninhabitable for weeks especially if waste oil refineries were polluting the nearby town.
Tropical depression led to Katrina was detected Aug. 23 in the Bahamas. There is a controversy to name 10 or 12 of the year, but this system was then appointed The fourth tropical storm of the year August 25 and touched briefly on South Florida that same day, the status of a storm scale.
storm crossed the Florida and regeneration in the waters of the Gulf of Mexico Aug. 26 and depression deepened to 971 millibars, which made her go to category 2 of the Saffir-Simpson. At 9:00 GMT, Katrina passed to level 3 with pressure of 945 mb. Approaching land, it weakened slightly to return to level 4 (but the damage of a hurricane are also related to the speed of the eye).
August 31, Katrina became an extratropical storm dumped water quantity in the range of 50-110 mm on Quebec in 12 hours and several wind gusts of 50 to 98 km / h . In the Saguenay and the North Shore several roads were washed away, some sections of Route 138 have been cutting away the rest of the North Shore of Quebec which greatly complicated the supply of food and gasoline. Threat to New Orleans
Some areas of New Orleans are up to 6 meters below sea level, areas where rain water is pumped and discharged into the sea dikes of 4 feet high protect the city, but the possible rise in sea level due to Katrina could reach 6 feet. And if the hurricane was going as planned to the east, the waters of Lake Pontchartrain might also invade the city. 
These threats of flooding and severe flooding, Mayor Ray Nagin ordered the evacuation of the town and established shelter of last resort for people who could not evacuate the city, including the room Sports of Louisiana Superdome, already used in 1998 during Hurricane Georges. President George W. Bush declared a state of emergency in Louisiana, two days before the arrival of the hurricane on the coast. Sunday, August 28, The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has predicted catastrophic damage on the city, up to the partial or total destruction of half of the homes and major damage, which could make the city uninhabitable for weeks especially if waste oil refineries were polluting the nearby town.
The arrival
In the early morning hours of August 29 (Monday), the storm surge from Katrina engulfed most parts south of the delta, flooding dozens of small fishing ports. As the hurricane turned north, its winds are blowing in the opposite direction clockwise, pushed the storm surge on the east side of New Orleans, an area almost open the Gulf of Mexico. In addition to dams, only one large lake-like lagoon, some endangered wetlands, and a thin barrier islands from erosion victims, stood between the sea and city districts. This area was also another major weakness: both channels.
Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet and Gulf Intracoastal Waterway were used as conduits to allow water to pass outside the dikes and reach the heart of the city. These two channels are linked and flow into Industrial Canal, a third waterway that runs through the city, connecting the Mississippi to Lake Pontchartrain - the latter also, unfortunately, connected to the Gulf. This channel has quickly received the floodwaters of the other two channels and the lake.
Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet and Gulf Intracoastal Waterway were used as conduits to allow water to pass outside the dikes and reach the heart of the city. These two channels are linked and flow into Industrial Canal, a third waterway that runs through the city, connecting the Mississippi to Lake Pontchartrain - the latter also, unfortunately, connected to the Gulf. This channel has quickly received the floodwaters of the other two channels and the lake. Around 4:30 am, witnesses reported having seen water in the neighborhoods on both sides of the Industrial Canal, entering through cracks and holes in the walls. Shortly after, the flood waters began to go over the dam the more outside, protecting the parish of St. Bernard, the low-lying suburb immediately south-east of New Orleans. Water has eroded the walls of earth and began to carry away large portions.
At 6:10 am, the eye of Hurricane Katrina arrived in Buras, about 80 kilometers southeast of New Orleans. Fortunately for the city, the storm had met a cooler area of the gulf and was back down to category 3 with maximum winds less than 209 km / h. For cons, the wave was still that of a more powerful storm and the levees continued to yield. At first, the walls protecting eastern New Orleans, a suburb north of St. Bernard, were submerged, and many have collapsed.
The water started to flood huge areas. Then the waves are also passed over the Industrial Canal walls and have opened cracks in many places. At about 7:45 am, a breach has missed a huge wave in the Lower 9th Ward, a poor slum in the east, and in areas west of the canal.
At 6:10 am, the eye of Hurricane Katrina arrived in Buras, about 80 kilometers southeast of New Orleans. Fortunately for the city, the storm had met a cooler area of the gulf and was back down to category 3 with maximum winds less than 209 km / h. For cons, the wave was still that of a more powerful storm and the levees continued to yield. At first, the walls protecting eastern New Orleans, a suburb north of St. Bernard, were submerged, and many have collapsed. 
The water started to flood huge areas. Then the waves are also passed over the Industrial Canal walls and have opened cracks in many places. At about 7:45 am, a breach has missed a huge wave in the Lower 9th Ward, a poor slum in the east, and in areas west of the canal. In dozens of neighborhoods, people suddenly saw the water running flood the streets, then climb to the bottom of their houses, sometimes in minutes. For the majority of them, it was too late to escape and there was no exit route. Caught by surprise, hundreds of people drowned. Thousands more rushed in the attic to take refuge on rooftops beaten by rain and wind. By mid-morning, almost half of New Orleans, plus all the parishes of St. Bernard and Plaquemines to the south were flooded.
Much of the central part of the city was still above water and it seemed that the worst was over. However, earlier that morning, the concrete walls and steel channel 17th Street and London Avenue, two drainage channels open on Lake Pontchartrain, had suddenly been broken in three places. The water rose more slowly in a wider area, this time invading the richest neighborhoods near the edges of the lake. Integrity structural integrity of a dam or a protective wall can not be guaranteed once the water starts to go over, but in this case, the water never reached the top, the walls have collapsed before. The waves rushing through the breaches of drainage canals was released gradually throughout the day and part of the night, progressing ever further south into downtown, street after street winner. The next morning the water had filled most of the central basin of the city, stopping only about 1.5 kilometers from the river, the highest part of the city. About 80% of the city was flooded. In some places, the water only happened to the knees, while in others it was over six feet deep, well above the rafters of houses. 
Katrina's eye passed about 15 km east of New Orleans, and was again headed toward the Gulf, its power barely diminished. The hurricane struck for the third and final time near Bay St. Louis, Mississippi, near the border with Louisiana. To the east, storm surge caused by the strong north-west of Katrina is mounted higher than New Orleans, against the coast harder and higher, reaching up to eight meters. The storm devastated the Mississippi coast, sweeping away thousands of houses, buildings, cars and shops in just a few minutes. 90% of the structures of the waterfront near the port of Biloxi were destroyed. 
floating casinos were washed away hundreds of meters. The storm surge penetrated 10 km the interior, twice as far along rivers and other passages. Alabama and northwest Florida have also suffered extensive damage caused by wind, flooding and tornadoes, and 238 people have died. 
The storm also hit the oil installations at sea and coastal refineries. Before landfall, the industry had evacuated workers from 615 platforms (15% of 4000 total present in the Gulf), and non-coastal ports were also closed. Louisiana Valero's refinery in St. Charles has been flooded by a water meter and had to cease operations for two weeks. When oil prices reached 70 dollars a barrel in mid-week - leading to higher gasoline prices - President Bush announced that he would lend fuel to the Strategic Petroleum Reserve to calm markets . Review
As with any major disaster, the death toll was given as a guide, the figures are broad estimates certainly inaccurate. It drew a distinction between United States, countries directly affected by the disaster, and countries that lost citizens in that country just as the drama. Review of Thursday, September 22, 2005.
* At least 141,500 victims are housed in centers and shelters set up in at least 18 states and Washington.
* More than one million Louisiana may have been displaced by the disaster.
* More than 200,050 homes could be relocated by the government for nearly five years.
Economic Consequences
Hurricane Katrina has had a significant economic impact but in other states over time. Most experts agree that Katrina is the costliest natural disaster in U.S. history. On 15 February 2006, faced criticism and protests, the Bush administration announced it would ask Congress for an additional 4.2 billion dollars to compensate victims of hurricanes Katrina and Rita. This amount should be added to 7.7 billion already allocated in 2005.
ethnic origins and social consequences for victims
Official statistics showed that if the majority of victims were black, the white community has suffered more proportionally than the African American community. According to L'Express newspaper, quoting Reuters, in Biloxi, "the Mecca of gambling, which has for nearly ten years that figure mecca for the disinherited of the Mississippi came for a job in hotels or casinos.
"Many had no means of escape, "said Alan LeBreton, a janitor who lived 41 years on the waterfront" is a crime and people do not accept it. "
wealthiest residents, anticipating the official guidelines, have mostly won the northern Mississippi and neighboring states of Alabama and Georgia, crowding into motels and empty gas stations and convenience stores their last reserves.
But their poorest citizens do not own a car or can afford a night hotel. "We could not do that, it was impossible," said Willie Rhett, bus driver forced to stay in Biloxi until Katrina.
American photographer Stanley Greene said: "Coincidentally, in white neighborhoods, supermarkets have been opened to people, in solidarity. In black neighborhoods, it has guards to prevent them from returning! (...) The goal is not to bring people back, but to make New Orleans a white city and lucrative. (...) Some investors are looking around the owners of destroyed houses. They bought for 10,000 dollars. Katrina is the largest operation of spoliation of all time. "
Persuaded to have been left in the front line of disaster described as" historic "by George Bush, many people now express their anger - a tension that could partly explain the looting of upscale suburbs.
Mississippi, birthplace of the blues and segregation, was in 2004 the second poorest state in the United States. 21.6% of its inhabitants live below the poverty and ethnic divisions often overlapping social cleavages. Indeed, for many victims of Katrina, the origin of the logistical difficulties around this disaster is closely linked to racial discrimination.
Reverend Jesse Jackson, a defender of the black cause in the United States points out that more 120 000 people earning less than 8 000 USD per year, mostly black population, have no access to private vehicles, and some is too old or ill to flee. And said that the budget used for war in Iraq would have been more useful to help build protections in New Orleans.
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