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Ernesto Rafael Guevara

de la Serna was born Thursday, June 14, 1928 in Rosario, Argentina. It is the first son of the architect Ernesto Guevara Lynch, of English and Irish descent on his mother, and Celia de la Serna and Llosa, a descendant of a wealthy family. Ernesto or "head", as he was known his parents, four brothers and sisters: Roberto, Celia, Ana María and Juan Martín. The couple Guevara de la Serna, was married in 1927 and then went off to live in Puerto Caraguatay in the province of Misiones, where they operate a grass mat. Celia was pregnant, they decide to go to Buenos Aires by boat on the Paraná River, so that the baby is born safely. But June 14, 1928, the ship must make a stop in the port of Rosario, province of Santa Fe

Childbirth Celia takes place earlier than expected, and the baby is born in the maternity Hospital Centenario. His parents prénomment Ernesto Rafael.

El Che: French documentary film (96 min)



At the end of the year 1929 the family moved into the street Alem, San Isidro, Buenos Aires. On May 2, 1930, Ernesto has not yet become ill two years. He suffers his first asthma attack. In 1931 the family moved into an elegant suburb of the capital. Due to health problems of Ernesto, the family will change residence repeatedly, until a doctor advises them to visit Alta Gracia, province of Córdoba. The drier climate of this region is conducive to Ernesto, and they decide to rent a house in Villa Carlos Pellegrini.

Biography Che Guevara (English)

health problems of his mother Celia Ernesto lead to take over his primary education. Then it will follow the normal school course San Martín and Manuel Solares college. In March 1942 he began his secondary education at National College Dean Funes, Córdoba, about 45 miles to Alta Gracia. Family Guevara de la Serna is going to live in Alta Gracia until early 1943 when Ernesto made the acquaintance of the brothers Granado and Ferrer, with whom he became friends for very long.



In 1946 the family moved to Buenos Aires to live in an apartment in the paternal grandmother. When the grandmother, Ana Isabel, became seriously ill, Ernesto the day for 17 days, and at his death, he announced that he will study medicine instead of engineering studies that he had envisaged. Ernesto is found unfit for military service because of his illness. In 1947 he began his medical studies and shows little interest in politics and student protest movements, although his parents, especially his mother, were anti-Peronist activists. But at the end of the year he meets Berta Gilda Infante, known as Tita. She is a member of the Communist Youth Argentina. They become good friends and Ernesto speeds bed with her Marxist texts and they discuss the political reality of the time.



In October 1950, he decided to make his first trip to Latin America, through Chile, Peru and Colombia. It is the attentive spectator of the social problems of the poor in these countries, and cites in his notes the words of Jose Marti: "I want my destiny to unite the world's poor." On 29 December 1951, he left with his friend Alberto Granados through the South American continent. But the motorcycle on which they make the trip, Norton 500, the loose and they must work, either as a physician assistant or performing odd jobs, to continue their journey.

Ernesto returns Buenos Aires in August 1952 to pursue his medical studies . He received the title of Doctor of Medicine and Surgery April 11, 1953 at the University of Buenos Aires. On July 7, 1953 he went again on their journey across South America and Central America. He is accompanied by Carlos Ferrer "Calica". He observes the social changes in Bolivia made by the Nationalist Revolutionary Movement came to power. Then they visit Peru, Ecuador, Panama and Costa Rica, where they met the Cuban Calixto García Rosell and Severino, who had participated in the assault on the Moncada Barracks. They continue travel and visit Nicaragua, Honduras and El Salvador, to finally arrive in Guatemala in 1953. In Guatemala, Che continued his education policy through the friendship that binds with the exiled Peruvian economist of Indian origin, Hilda Gadea Ontalia, former member of the Aprista Party (APRA, Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana). He also became friends with a group of Cuban revolutionaries, July 26, 1953 which took part in the assault on the Moncada Barracks. Among them is Nico Lopez, who christened the nickname of Ernesto "Che".

He keeps abreast with them into actions and take a firm decision to continue the fight from the release of Fidel Castro and other comrades. Ernesto Che Guevara gets in touch with the Guatemalan Party of Labour and officiates as a doctor in the unions. It participates actively in the internal politics of the country in defense of democratic government, revolutionary Jacobo Arbenz. But after the invasion organized by the CIA, Arbenz fell in September 1954.

As qu'argentin and because of its position in favor of the government of Arbenz, Ernesto Che Guevara can not stay longer in Guatemala, and after seeking asylum from Embassy of Argentina, Che decided to go to Mexico, where he worked as a photographer and at the General Hospital. A month later he was joined by Hilda Gadea and Nico Lopez.

One day visit of Maria Antonia Gonzales, Number 49 Street Jose Amparan, Ernesto got to know Fidel Castro. María Antonia is a Cuban living in Mexico, working effectively with revolutionary exiles. During this meeting, Che remains to converse for ten hours with Fidel, during which they exchange all type of opinion. The leader of the Cuban revolution explains the reasons for his struggle against the dictator Batista. At the end of this conversation Che is therefore part of the group.

He married August 8, 1955 with Hilda Tepotzotlán, near Mexico City. Hilda was pregnant and the future godfather is Raul Castro. February 15, 1956, born Hilda Guevara Gadea. Ernesto is 57 days in jail Miguel Schultz after he was arrested by police in the Mexican hacienda Santa Rosa, Popocatepetl, 35 kilometers from the capital, which was the training camp of the Cuban revolutionaries who were preparing an attack against Cuba , and were headed by General Alberto Bayo, a former colonel in the Republican Army during the Civil War in Spain.

Che has always hidden his revolutionary activities to his parents, and he sends them a letter informing them of his situation and announcing his separation from Hilda. On Sunday, November 25, 1956, from the mouth of the Rio Tuxpan in Mexico, Ernesto Che Guevara goes with the "Granma" with 81 other men aboard a yacht with a capacity of 25 persons only, that Fidel Castro had purchased from a North American.

A week later, on Sunday December 2, they landed in Los Cayelos, east of Cuba, beginning the revolutionary guerrillas in the mountains of Sierra Maestra. From the beginning, Che stands as a fighter in Cuba's revolutionary struggle against the tyranny of dictator Fulgencio Batista. 1 March 1958, is aired for the first time "Radio Rebelde", a radio created by Che.

At the end of April 1958, Ernesto is sent from Jibaro, in the Sierra Maestra , head of the commando of the 8th column toward the central region of the country. They come up Sierra del Escambray, Las Villas province, where they will set up a base camp. Che participated with great enthusiasm, especially in the fighting at the Battle of Santa Clara 1st December 1958, which is very important in their main goal: toppling the dictatorship and the triumph of the Cuban Revolution. On 1 January 1959, Cuba was freed, and Batista into exile.

January 2, Camilo Cienfuegos in Havana between Gorriarán, paralyzed by a general strike. The next Che makes his entrance, and Sunday, January 8, Fidel Castro's victorious entry into the capital. Che's parents arrive in Cuba on Monday, 6 years after the last meeting with their son. January 21, Hilda Gadea and Hildita come to live in Havana.

In regard to services rendered in Cuba, Ernesto Che Guevara is declared a Cuban citizen by the Cabinet Monday, February 9, 1959. In March 1958, Ernesto became acquainted with a young Cuban Escambray 22, Aleida March Torres , June 2, 1959 and the marriage is solemnized after the divorce was pronounced between Che Guevara and Hilda Gadea May 22 1959.

June 12 to September 5, Ernesto Che Guevara is on a mission for the Cuban government in Egypt, Sudan, India, Burma, Indonesia, Ceylon, Japan, Morocco, Yugoslavia and Spain. For several years he filled official positions within the Cuban government. Among these various governmental charges, military and economic, he was appointed Chief of the Revolutionary Armed Forces, Head of Industry and Agrarian Reform, and November 26, 1959 he served as President of the National Bank of Cuba.

On March 4, 1960, in an attack organized by the CIA, the Belgian vessel "The Covers", which provided arms to Cuba, exploded in Havana harbor. The next day Alberto Korda took the famous photo of Che in tribute to victims of the attack, and during the ceremony Fidel Castro uttered the phrase that will go down in history: "Patria o muerte. ¡Venceremos!" (Homeland or death. We shall overcome!).

Che chairs many official missions on behalf of the Revolutionary Government. October 22 to December 9, he is the head of Cuba's economic mission is visiting the USSR, Czechoslovakia, East Germany and the People's Republic of China. October 19, 1960 The U.S. trade embargo decreed Cuba. On 17 November, during his stay in China, was born Aleida Guevara March, or "Aliusha" in Havana. It is also where his other brothers were born.

January 3, 1961 The United States broke diplomatic relations with Cuba. On February 23, 1961, Che was appointed Minister of Industry and Member of the Central Planning Board. On May 20, 1962 born son, Camilo, the name he gives tribute to his friend Camilo Cienfuegos, who died tragically in a plane crash. From April 17 to 20, 1961, Ernesto Che Guevara took the military command of Pinar del Río mercenaries for the attack on the Playa Girón, Bay of Pigs (Bahía de los Cochinos), during which revolutionaries in 1500 cons Cubans attempt to invade the island in an operation organized and financed by the CIA. The revolutionaries will defeat the mercenaries within 72 hours.

August 4, Che is at the head of the Cuban delegation at the Conference of the Americas in Punta del Este in Uruguay. The delegation was received at the National Airport of Carrasco by thousands of people chanting anti-Yankee slogans and cries of "Long live the Cuban Revolution." In October 1962 until November of that year, Ernesto took the military command of troops in Pinar del Rio during the October Crisis.

At its presence in Cuba, Che work in many jobs: he is the initiator of Volunteer Work in the country, the organization of the Revolutionary Armed Forces (FAR) and is the founder the magazine Verde Olivo, where he wrote numerous articles and is the author of various books and essays. The works of Che the best known are: "Diario de Bolivia" , "Allocution in Argel," Speech at the XIXth General Assembly of the United Nations "," El cuadro, columna vertebral de la revolución "," El Socialismo y el Hombre in Cuba "," Guerrilla Warfare "," Message to the People of the world through the Tricontinental "," Reminiscences of the Revolutionary War, "" University Reform and Revolution, "" On the construction of the Party "," Solidarity South Vietnam "," Tactics and Strategy of the Latin American Revolution. "



Le 14 juin 1963 nait you quatrième enfant du Che, you troisième avec Aleida. C'est une fille qui appelée be Celia, in hommage à sa mère. Le 19 mars 1964 au monde vient Omar Perez, fruit of extramarital relationship that Ernesto had with Lidia Rosa López. From March 20, 1964 to April 13, Che is at the head of the delegation during the UN Conference on Trade and Development in Geneva, Switzerland. From April 15 to 17, he is visit to France, Algeria and Czechoslovakia.

He visited the USSR of November 5 to 19 and participated at the 47th Anniversary of the October Revolution. He chairs again the Cuban delegation at the UN General Assembly in New York from 9 to 17 December 1964. Then he went to Algeria.

In January 1965, Ernesto Che Guevara's Republic of China and Mali, Congo (Brazzaville), Guinea, Ghana, Dahomey, Tanzania, Egypt, Algeria and returned to Havana on March 14. His last public intervention in Cuba takes place March 15 when he gave an account of his travels abroad to his staff of Ministry of Industry. To pursue its most prominent libertarian ideals, he requested that the Department of the Cuban Revolution his party responsibilities that bind to Cuba to resume the armed struggle in solidarity with the peoples of the world.

On 1 April 1965 he wrote farewell letters to his parents, his children and Fidel Castro, and goes for Congo. In this country he learns the death of his mother. A year later, Thursday, November 3, 1966, Ernesto Che Guevara arrived in La Paz, via Madrid and Sao Paulo. He was smuggled into Bolivia under the name of Adolfo Mena González, Peruvian officials of the Organization of American States and owns the event, a Uruguayan passport in the name of Ramón Fernández Benítez.

On 7 November 1966, he is in a hacienda where Ñancahuasú, with a small group of fighters Bolivians, Cubans and other nationalities, he founded the National Liberation Army of Bolivia (Ejército de Liberación Nacional de Bolivia). While in Colombia, it is known as "Comandante Ramón" and also "Fernando el sacamuelas. But 11 months later, after having been captured and seriously injured Ernesto Che Guevara was executed, Sunday, October 8, 1967 at 13:10 , by Bolivian soldiers led by CIA agents in the small village school La Higuera, province of Chuquisaca.

October 18 1967, knew the Place de la Revolution Fidel Castro informed the half million Cubans present the death of Commander Ernesto Che Guevara: "You have gone physically, but your image and your ideals are and will remain present in us, because those they can never kill them with bullets. "

Video: Che Guevara, who died of a revolutionary and legend (53 min)

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